Sunday, February 27, 2022

Translation of Poem by Aleksandr Pushkin, Александр Пушкин, "Пророк," "The Prophet"

                                                                    The Six-Winged Seraph


 

Александр Пушкин

(1799-1837)

Пророк

Духовной жаждою томим,
В пустыне мрачной я влачился, —
И шестикрылый серафим
На перепутье мне явился.
Перстами легкими как сон
Моих зениц коснулся он.
Отверзлись вещие зеницы,
Как у испуганной орлицы.
Моих ушей коснулся он, —
И их наполнил шум и звон:
И внял я неба содроганье,
И горний ангелов полет,
И гад морских подводный ход,
И дольней лозы прозябанье.
И он к устам моим приник,
И вырвал грешный мой язык,
И празднословный и лукавый,
И жало мудрыя змеи
В уста замершие мои
Вложил десницею кровавой.
И он мне грудь рассек мечом,
И сердце трепетное вынул,
И угль, пылающий огнем,
Во грудь отверстую водвинул.
Как труп в пустыне я лежал,
И Бога глас ко мне воззвал:
«Восстань, пророк, и виждь, и внемли,
Исполнись волею моей,
И, обходя моря и земли,
Глаголом жги сердца людей».

 

1826

 

Literal Translation

The Prophet

Tormented by a spiritual thirst,

I dragged along through a sombre wasteland,

And a six-winged seraph

Appeared to me at a crossroads;

With fingers light as a dream

He touched the pupils of my eyes.

My eyes prophetic opened wide,

Like those of a frightened eagle.

And then he touched my ears,

And filled them with sounds and peals:

Then I harkened to the shuddering of the skies,

And the alpine flights of angels,

And the underwater movements of sea monsters,

And the meadow’s growth of sinuous vegetation.

And then he pressed against my lips,

And tore out my sinful tongue,

So idle of speech and so crafty,

And into my struck-dumb mouth,

With his bloody right hand,

He thrust the stinger of a wise serpent.

And with a sword he clove asunder my breast,

And pulled out my quaking heart,

And into the gaping cavity of my chest

He placed a burning, red-hot coal.

I lay in the desert like a corpse,

And the voice of God cried out to me:

“Arise, O prophet, and heed and hearken,

Be suffused with my will,

And, while journeying over land and seas,

Sear the hearts of men with the Word.”

                                                                        

d

 

Literary Translation/Adaptation by U.R. Bowie

 

The Prophet

 

In torment, thirsting for the truth,

Through wastelands languor labored I, 

When at a crossroads steeped in ruth,

Appeared a six-winged seraph nigh.

 

With fingers dream-soft, rarified,

He touched the wellsprings of my sight.

Oracular my orbs grew wide,

Like eagle eyes that glare in fright.

 

My ears he touched then tenderly,

And peals they heard, soft timpani,

Above me skies a-shudder gleamed,

I saw the angels’ alpine flight,

Caught sounds of sea beasts submarine,

The creep of vines and leaf in blight.

 

My lips he took and them did splay,

And ripped my sinful tongue away,

That flapping idler sly and lewd,

Then raised his right hand bloody-raw,

And thrust into my dumb-struck maw

The fangs of serpent wise and shrewd.

 

With damask sword he clove my breast,

Tore out my quaking heart quiescent,

And in the gaping hole of chest

He placed an ember incandescent.

 

Corpse-blue I lay, blood chilled stagnation,

Then God’s voice rang in fulmination:

“Arise, O Prophet, list, behold

That which was once beyond thy ken; 

Obey my Will, be staunch and bold,      

With righteous Word sear hearts of men.”

 

d

Note from the Internet

(A.Z. Foreman)

 

This poem, widely considered one of Pushkin's best, uses the archaic (or rather archaizing) heavily slavonicized layers of the Russian language to evoke a solemn biblical atmosphere. Even for a Russian-reader like me, estranged as I am from so much that Church Slavonic represents and who learned his Slavonic not in the church but in the university, the slavonicisms carry extremely powerful weight. Critics have, rightly, seized upon Isaiah 6:2-10 as the inspiration for this poem. Though the imagery and diction draws upon the entirety of the Slavonic Bible e.g. Psalm 63, Ephesians 5:14. 

I have had to find various ways to deal with this in English. The liturgical is not a register that English has really ever been made to, well, register with this kind of linguistic immediacy. This poem would probably go much better into Modern Greek, or even Arabic, than English. KJV English is not analogically usable to render slavonicism. At least not on its own. The closest equivalent to this kind of language in English poetry is probably the work of expressly religious or - better yet - visionary poets such as  William Blake, though whereas Blake took these themes and ran with them past the ends of the earth and heavens, Pushkin took it, as he took so much else, as a mask through which to speak when the occasion suited him, and which could be discarded when no longer required and no longer capable of palliating his bourgeois boredom. 

 

The Prophet
By Alexander Pushkin
Translated by A.Z. Foreman

My spirit was athirst for grace.
I wandered in a darkling land

And at a crossing of the ways

Beheld a six-wing'd Seraph stand.

With fingers light as dream at night

He brushed my eyes and they grew bright
Opening unto prophecies
Wild as a startled eagle's eyes.

He touched my ears, and noise and sound

Poured into me from all around:

I heard the shudders of the sky,

The sweep of angel hosts on high,

The creep of beasts below in the seas,

The seep of sap in valley trees.

And leaning to my lips he wrung

Thereout my sinful slithered tongue
Of guile and idle caviling;

And with his bloody fingertips

He set between my wasting lips

A Serpent's wise and forkèd sting.

And with his sword he cleft my chest
And ripped my quaking heart out whole,

And in my sundered breast he cast
A blazing shard of living coal.

There in the desert I lay dead

Until the voice from heaven said:

"Arise O Prophet! Work My will,

Thou that hast now perceived and heard.

On land and sea thy charge fulfill

And burn Man's heart with this My Word."


                               From the Internet

 Анализ стихотворения «Пророк» Александра Пушкина

Стихотворение «Пророк» было написано Пушкиным в 1826 г. Оно сразу же приобрело широкую популярность. Для многих литераторов и последователей великого поэта произведение стало своеобразной программой для действия, руководством в жизни и творчестве.

«Пророк» создан в жанре оды, но его форма вступает в резкий контраст с содержанием. Оды писались с целью восхваления «великих мира сего». Авторы добивались их расположения в ожидании наград и высочайшей милости. «Народный» поэт Пушкин всегда с презрением отзывался о людской славе. Его не прельщали богатство и уважение общества. «Пророк» посвящен философскому осмыслению места и значения творца в мире. Библейская тематика лишь прикрывала истинный смысл стихотворения. Пророк в стихотворении символизирует поэта в реальной жизни. Настоящий поэт не должен посвящать свое искусство низменным потребностям. Его удел – нести людям свет и стремление к познанию.

Пушкин все-таки был религиозным человеком, поэтому свой дар поэт-пророк получает от Бога через «шестикрылого серафима». Автор подчеркивает, что талант – удел немногих. Он дается случайно, но только тем, кто «духовной жаждою томим». Право называться поэтом может появиться исключительно через страдания и огромную душевную работу.

Пушкина обвиняли в том, что в возвышенном стиле он восхваляет самого себя. Это – поверхностный взгляд на произведение. Автор отмечает, через что ему пришлось пройти. Прошлая жизнь была подобна блужданию в пустыне без цели и смысла. Преображение поэта сопровождалось невыносимой мукой, которую не каждый смог бы выдержать. Только пройдя такое испытание, он смог четко понять различие добра и зла, проникнуть в главные тайны мироздания.

Пушкин не идеализирует положение пророка. Готовность отдать все силы на исправление людских пороков не будет вознаграждено при жизни. История учит нас, что «нет пророка в своем отечестве». К этому Пушкин готовит всех начинающих творцов.

Стих написан в возвышенном стиле. Для этого Пушкин использует устаревшие слова и выражения: «влачился», «перстами», «зеницы». Торжественность произведения наращивается многократным повторением союза «и»: «И их наполнил…», «и внял…», «и горний» и т. д. Автор использует яркие образные сравнения («легкими, как сон», «как у испуганной орлицы»). Кульминация произведения – новое рождение пророка описано с помощью противопоставления «грешного языка» «жалу змеи», а сердца – раскаленному углю.

Стихотворение «Пророк» стало центральным в философских размышлениях Пушкина. Выраженная в нем идея дала мощный толчок многим последующим поколениям поэтов. В частности, пушкинскую тематику пророчества продолжил в одноименном произведении Лермонтов.

 


I. Smokhtunovsky declaims the poem in Russian:


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rwanD-euW6Q

On the Writer’s Acknowledgements Page (Leo Steinberg)

 


On the Writer’s Acknowledgements Page

“I often marvel at the persona engendered by the influence of the form. The writer presents himself as one surrounded, cushioned, buoyed up by wonderful friends. He is, he says, ‘blessed,’ ‘in luck,’ ‘serene’ even in his obligations. Not a word on the acknowledgements page about grievances, or about offenses received and inflicted. Who would suspect a curmudgeon behind such handsome avowals?

 “But perhaps this is what they are good for. By their virtue, ill-humor, rancor, resentments are temporarily purged, and the author is given a glimpse of the person he might have become, had he formed the habit of privately closing each day with such notations as are called for by the publishing of acknowledgements.”                                                                                                                  

Leo Steinberg

Excerpted from the book by U.R. Bowie, Here We Be. Where Be We?

 



Friday, February 25, 2022

Translation of Poem by Vladislav Khodasevich, Владислав Ходасевич, «Обо всем в одних стихах не скажешь...» "Takes More Than Verses To Tell The Whole Tale"

 


Владислав Ходасевич

(1886-1939)

 

«Обо всем в одних стихах не скажешь...»

 

Обо всем в одних стихах не скажешь,

Жизнь идет волшебным, тайным чередом,

Точно длинный шарф кому-то вяжешь,

Точно ждешь кого-то, не грустя о нем.

 

Нижутся задумчивые петли,

На крючок посмотришь – всё желтеет кость,

И не знаешь, он придет ли, нет ли,

И какой он будет, долгожданный гость.

 

Утром ли он постучит в окошко

Иль стопой неслышной подойдет из тьмы

И с улыбкой, страшною немножко,

Всё распустит разом, что связали мы.

 

14 декабря 1915

 

 

Literal Translation

In verses alone you cannot tell about everything,

Life goes on its magic secret way,

As if you’re knitting a long scarf for someone,

As if you await someone, not pining for him.

 

Pensive loops are strung together,

You look at the knitting hook; the bone [handle] goes on gleaming yellow,

And you don’t know, will he come, won’t he,

And what he’ll be like, the long-awaited guest.

 

Will it be morning when he taps at the window

Or walks up out of the darkness on inaudible steps,

And with a smile that’s a bit frightening

Undoes in a trice everything that we’ve knitted up.

 

d

 

                                           Literary Translation/ Adaptation by U. R. Bowie

 

Takes More Than Verses To Tell The Whole Tale

 

In verses alone the whole tale won’t be told,

For life weaves its magic without much forethought,  

Like a long scarf you’re knitting for one shy or bold, 

Someone whom you wait for, while languishing not.

 

The loops pensive, brooding, are dangly and fraught,

You look at the hook, at the bone-yellow knob,

You wonder if he’ll come, or maybe he’ll not,

And what will he be like, awaited heartthrob?

 

On a brisk lovely morn at the window he’ll tap,

Or stepping on air he’ll approach from the murk,

And grinning a grin that’s all gruesome claptrap,

In a trice he’ll unravel our wool, all our work.

 

December 14, 1915

Date and place of translation: November 23, 2021, Eagan, MN

 

 



Monday, February 21, 2022

Book Review Article, Charles Baxter, THERE'S SOMETHING I WANT YOU TO DO

 

Book Review Article

Charles Baxter, There’s Something I Want You To Do: Stories, Penguin Random House, 2015. Vintage paperback, 2016, 221 pp.

 

The Short-Story Novel

There is probably a better term for this, but I don’t know what it is. I refer to a book of short stories, so put together as to feature similar themes and recurrent appearances of the same characters. The result being, if not a novel, at least something resembling a novel. All of the stories in this collection have titles featuring one aspect or another of human character. Part One: bravery, loyalty, chastity, charity, forbearance; Part Two: lust, sloth, avarice, gluttony, vanity. The stories are presented so that—with one exception—each story in Part One has a companion story (same characters) in Part Two.

America in the Twenty-First Century: Full of Somethings Somebody Wants

Quotations from various stories in the collection: “something has happened, I need to say something to you, something was about to happen, something is out there, we’re going somewhere [or nowhere?], something will happen to me, something wants something from me, there’s a thing that’s come up.” And of course the line that provides the title of the book: “There’s something I want you to do.” That line appears five times in various contexts.

In “Loyalty”: the narrator’s bipolar ex-wife shows up in his life again out of the blue, tells him there’s something she wants him to do, then won’t say what. In “Chastity” the protagonist Benny Takemitsu shows Dr. Elijah Jones a hank of red hair he’s found on the street, where recently he has heard a woman screaming. Elijah says, “There’s something I want you to do. I want you to get rid of that.” In “Forbearance” a translator is having trouble getting a poem into English. She dreams of the poet, who tells her to forget trying to translate that poem. “‘There’s something I want you to do,’ he said. He pointed at a page, where a poem entitled ‘Forbearance’ appeared. ‘This is the poem you should be translating. It’s more compatible with you.’” In “Sloth” a doctor (Jones again) on the verge of a nervous breakdown speaks to his sleeping wife. “There’s something I want you to do . . . I want you to pray for me.” In “Avarice” an old woman with breast cancer contemplates making a request of that same bipolar woman from “Loyalty.” The old woman wants her as her helpmeet as she makes her way out of life and into death. “There’s something I want you to do [she thinks of asking her]. I want you to accompany me on this journey as far as you can.” Note that not much concrete comes out of these requests, except in the story “Forbearance,” in which the translator takes the advice of the poet in the dream, successfully translates the poem he points out.

Elijah Elliott Jones, M.D.

The first story, “Bravery,” introduces the man who is to feature as main character of the book as a whole, the pediatrician Elijah Jones. Here he appears as a young man, meeting in San Francisco the woman whom he soon marries, Susan. To her eyes “he gave off a blue-eyed air of benevolence, but he also looked on guard, hypervigilant, as if he were an ex-Marine.” Furthermore, “his smile was so kind. Kindness had always attracted her.” She asks him about his name: “Elijah the prophet? Who answers all questions at the end of time? That one?” She remarks that his parents must have been religious, or something. He replies that yes, they were “or something.” In a story much later in the collection his aversion to organized religion meets up with formidable opponents.

In “Bravery” a few months after they are married Susan and Elijah take a trip to Prague. “The plan was to get pregnant there amid the European bric-a-brac.” The result is their son Raphael, who is featured as a high-school boy much later in the book, in the companion story titled “Gluttony.” Among other events described in Prague is their visit to the Loreto chapels. When Susan asks him why he wants to go there, the pediatrician Elijah replies, “‘Babies . . . Hundreds of babies.’ He gave her a smile. ‘Our baby is in there.’” Here is a description of what they see when they arrive.

“Eli had been right: carved babies took up every available space. Surrounding them on all sides—in the front, at the altar; in the back, near the choir loft, where the carved cherubs played various musical instruments; and on both walls—were plump winged infants in various postures of angelic gladness. She’d never seen so many sculpted babies in one place: cherubs not doing much of anything except engaging in a kind of abstract giggling frolic, freed from both gravity and the Earth, the great play of Being inviting worship. What bliss! God was in the babies.”

How appropriate that the pediatrician Eli (Elijah) goes to this chapel, where he revels in all the babies born, unborn, about to be born, never to be born. But the rest of this story, including their time in Prague as well as what comes later—after the birth of Raphael—contains much that is ominous. Out on the street in Prague they are accosted by “a madwoman with gray snarled hair,” who appears to deliver a prophecy to Susan—that she will conceive a child, a son, with her “good-hearted husband,” but will also be “terribly jealous of your husband because of the woman in him!” Shortly after that Susan is knocked over by a tram, barely escaping serious injury.

Back home in Minneapolis, after Raphael’s birth, in a burst of irrationality, Susan suddenly decides that she does not want her husband feeding, or even holding their baby—even though he is a pediatrician who holds babies all the time. “You can’t be his mother. You can’t do this. I won’t let you.” After an argument Elijah storms out of the house. When he returns he is bruised and bleeding but “smilingly jubilant. The smile looked like one of the smiles on the faces of the angels in the Loreto chapel.” He tells her that he broke up a rape in Alta Plaza Park, fought with the assailants, even broke the jaw of one of them. “So you were brave,” she says, and there we have the bravery of the story’s title. But that bravery is called into question on the same page, because “there was something about his story she didn’t believe, and then for a moment she didn’t believe a word of it.” We, readers, never find out what really happened, but the radiant image that we had of Elijah at his first appearance is already besmirched.

That original image of Elijah in Susan’s eyes was near ideal: “His intelligence, the concern for children, the quiet loving homage he paid to her, the wit, the indifference to sports, the generosity, and then the weird secret toughness—where could you find another guy like that?” But now, before the story is over, something about that image is tainted. The whole story has such ominous overtones that—were we to predict the future of the main characters—divorce would be a likely event in that future.

Growing ever fatter, Elijah shows up in cameo roles in a number of other stories—most prominently as Benny Takemitsu’s friend in “Chastity.” Dr. Eli spends a lot of time hanging out in a Minneapolis coffee shop, four blocks from the hospital where he works. Why not go home? Because he wants first to wind down from all the stress of treating very sick, and sometimes dying children. The story “Sloth,” describes some of the downside of a pediatrician’s life. “The family had gathered in the ICU’s waiting area, and one aunt had said loudly to the assembled relatives that her niece, lying there, was unrecognizable, and the doctor could tell—from years of similar scenes—that she, the aunt, was eager to assign blame to someone, starting with the pediatrician (himself) and then advancing up the scale of responsibility to the radiologist, the surgeon, and at last God.” The life of a pediatrician: bereaved relatives, malpractice suits, arguments with insurance companies that don’t want to pay. Stress.

By the time we get to “Sloth,” the second story of Part Two, Elijah Elliott Jones, M.D. is afflicted with “visitations,” hearing voices and having hallucinations. Wandering around near the Stone Arch Bridge—a place that characters in this book frequently come upon—he is treated to a visit from the ghost of Alfred Hitchcock, who tells him that his favorite line from all of his films is this: “Do you know the world’s a foul sty?” Hitchcock also informs him “that even now as we speak, your friend Benny Takemitsu is being mugged elsewhere, nearby, down by the Federal Reserve Building.” Hitchcock narrates the mugging in cinematic terms. This mugging shows up in two other stories, one (“Chastity”) in which the victim describes it, and another (“Charity”) in which the perpetrator—drug addict Matty Quinn—gives his version of the episode.

At the end of “Sloth,” back home, Dr. Jones gets into bed with his wife Susan. The precariousness of his emotional state is reflected in what he says to her—which she does not hear since she is asleep. “There’s something I want you to do.” What he wants her to do is to pray for him, he who has no apparent belief in God. The story ends as he drifts into sleep, “and as he crossed the river and lost consciousness that night, he felt his own ghost arriving to embrace his body.” The reader wonders at this point: will this guy make it through Baxter’s short story collection alive? Spoiler alert: surprise—he does.

After the ominous notes sounded in the book’s first story the reader (at least this reader) is surprised to see Susan and Eli still married later on. Despite her prominence—in being the first character mentioned in the first story—Susan never amounts to much in later appearances. She bears a son Raphael and a daughter Theresa, but never seems to be much of a helpmeet for the troubled physician. In the story “Gluttony”—another tale congruent with “Bravery” and “Sloth”—we learn that she has joined an amateur writers’ group and written a short story, in which her own family members, thinly disguised, appear. Dr. Jones is depicted as the Raphael character’s father, “a balding and overweight criminal lawyer given to pronouncements.” He “provides comic relief and a regular income, but somehow is not sufficiently supportive of his wife emotionally.” Susan finishes him off in the story, “struck down by a Prius driven by an angry former client named Nancy, seeking revenge.” After the lawyer’s “painful death from internal bleeding,” at the end of the story “the boy and his mother engage in troubled speculation about their future.” Ha.

Naïve Elijah reacts favorably to his wife’s imagining him away in a violent death. He “rather liked the story” and “felt flattered that she would think of putting him into a piece of writing.” A couple of pages earlier: “How he loved her [Susan]! He even loved her sadness. But loving your wife’s sadness was a soul-error. Everyone said so.” So the foreshadowings of “Bravery” prove reliable, but the good doctor goes out of his way not to look at the “soul-error” of his marriage. Maybe that is how a lot of marriages survive: the man and wife each go to great efforts not to look at the reality of the thing.

“Gluttony” relates to “Bravery” especially in the way that the theme of babies is developed. The son Raphael seems to have been conceived—on that visit to Prague—almost as emblematic of one of the babies at the Loreto, and the unsung hero of “Gluttony” turns out to be another baby, or rather fetus, Raphael’s own, whom he and his girlfriend “Jupie” decide to abort. Jupie is for Jupiter, but her real name is Donna. Susan and Eli have started calling her Jupiter “not because she was godlike but because she resembled a gas planet. You’d do down through the layers of gas with her, and you never got to anything solid.” Furthermore, “Political platitudes and unsubstantiated generalizations just came leaking out of her.”

Who is the glutton in “Gluttony”? Elijah the doctor, who by this point is addicted to snack food and vastly overweight. By now all of the promise that seemed self-evident at his first appearance, in “Bravery,” has evaporated. The most compelling scene in “Gluttony” involves his visit to Jupie’s parents, the Lundgrens, hardened evangelical Christians who want to discuss the recent abortion—how both families, in their view, now have “blood on their hands.” Although Raphael has spent all afternoon crying on the day of the abortion, neither of his parents seems much taken aback, accepting sexual license—and the consequent abortion—as something rather normal for young people of the modern generation. We are not told whether Jupie also was upset over the action she took.

In the dispute between parents—one set accepting abortion, the other set horrified by abortion—I  suppose that most readers of this book would be thoroughly on Elijah’s side. After all, not many rightwing people who are fanatically anti-abortion read collections of short stories. Oddly enough, however, Jupie’s mother seems to have the upper hand in the argument. Despite his position as a pediatrician, Elijah never seems to have even contemplated the complexity of the issue of abortion. Under attack from people who consider abortion tantamount to the murder of babies, he can do little more than mouth the usual slogan, “A woman has a right to choose. We all know that.” If only it were all that simple.

After alluding to the question of suffering children in Dostoevsky’s Brothers Karamazov, Mrs. Lundgren says to Elijah, “You opened a jar. The jar was full of pain. It was your jar.” He can find no better way to reply than with an obscenity, “With all due respect, fuck you, ma’am, and you, sir, and good night.” She answers that by laughing and saying, “What a silly person you are . . . Obscenity is not an argument. It is weak-minded. I had thought you would be more thoughtful. After all, you have a medical degree. You have not thought any of this through, not any of it. I can see that now. How shallow is the pool in which you swim.”

She’s right, his pool is shallow, although Dr. Elijah never admits it to himself. He stumbles off, drives around at random in the countryside, accompanied by a front seat full of potato chips and other snacky eatables. Finally, overcome by narcolepsy, he wrecks his car and breaks his leg. The rest of this story, in which Dr. Elijah Jones makes his final appearance, is taken up with a description of how he crawls around in the cold, finds his cell phone, and is, eventually, rescued. But going down that path takes us away from the main issue in the story, something already foreshadowed in “Bravery”: abortion in the modern American age.

Wesley, Corinne, Astrid and Dolores

The second story in the collection, “Loyalty,” introduces a new set of characters. Wesley Erickson, the narrator, is married, at first, to a nurse, Corinne. They have a small baby, Jeremy. Wes is, so she complains, “inattentive to her needs.” This recalls how in Susan’s short story (in “Bravery”), the husband who stands in for Elijah is “not sufficiently supportive of his wife emotionally.” Corinne complains about “her rickety soiled unrecognizable life, her confusion, her panic over our baby, her fear of being an inadequate mother.” A fellow nurse, Astrid, convinces Corrine that “she could achieve happiness” if she left Wes. She leaves him, walks out of his life and that of her infant son. Soon Astrid shows up, “the minute Corinne was gone.” Wes marries Astrid. Jeremy grows into his teenage years with a new mother, and then one day Corinne shows back up in Minneapolis, her life a train wreck. She asks Wes to take her in, at least until she can get herself straight. Such is the soap opera of this story.

The “loyalty” in the title is, apparently, Wes’ loyalty to his ex-wife, who has no place to turn and no one to take care of her. Working as an auto mechanic, Wesley faces the same unfocused anger that Elijah faces as a pediatrician. As we all know if we have eyes and ears, America in our time is angry. “If you tell someone that his car’s transmission is shot and will require thousands of dollars of work, you see anger directed against the automobile. Or against fate. Or against God for having a hand in bum transmissions. Or against me for serving as messenger.”

Understandably, teenage Jeremy is not thrilled when his wreck of a runaway mom reappears. Wes tries to talk to him. “‘I need to say something to you,’ I say. ‘I just can’t think of what.’” But Jeremy proves a gamer, a brave soul, comparing the relative minor pain of his situation to that of someone undergoing torture in Paraguay. “My mother showing up and being crazy? That is nothing. That’s not even waterboarding.” Jeremy “gives me this lecture while staring at me with great bravery.” Here we have more overlap. One story is titled “Bravery” but bravery of a different sort may appear in a different story, as it does here in “Loyalty.”

This comic story concludes with nothing resolved. Corinne continues living with Wes, Jeremy and two other women, Astrid and Wes’ mother Dolores. Jeremy helps Corinne set up a blog, Runaway Mom. Wes ponders, “What will my ex-wife do all day? My mother says that she will look after Corinne for now. Perhaps they will go for walks, and my mother will expound about Jesus and how He is coming again to gather us up.” This passage, so it turns out, is a lead-in to another story, one hundred pages on into the book, “Avarice,” which is set only a week after “Loyalty” and describes the same characters and situation. This time the narrator is Wes’ mother Dolores, who is not a dolorous type at all, but an upbeat old woman, quite religious, and still in control of her faculties.

Dolores describes Corinne as “bipolar and a middle-aged ruin” who “mutters to herself and gives off a smell of rancid cooking oil.” She decides that “the more honest explanation for her arrival is that Jesus sent her to me.” Corinne will be, so Dolores decides, someone to lean on as she, Dolores, deals with the breast cancer that will take her out of this life. The title of the tale comes in when Jeremy complains to Dolores about how elephants are slaughtered in Africa for their ivory, and his grandmother chalks this up to “the avarice.” The story, of course, is not really about avarice at all, or if it is, it—like so many other stories in the collection—is also about a mixture of other things, including bravery and loyalty and charity. Dolores and Corrine take walks around the story, ending up at the ever-present Stone Arch Bridge, while poor Wes stews at home, overwhelmed by the presence in his household of so many women: “There are too many of them in the house.

Benny Takemitsu and Romantic Love

The story “Chastity,” which is not really about chastity, features another recurrent character, Benny, a Japanese-American, living, as are all the characters, in the Twin Cities of Minnesota. In this story, as in “Lust,” which comes some hundred pages later and features Benny as a younger man, the main complication of the plot is what they call “relationships.” Charles Baxter is big on the theme of romantic love, having, e.g., devoted a whole novel, his excellent Feast of Love, to that theme. That novel is set in Ann Arbor, where the author was living at the time. Upon making his move to the Twin Cities and taking up a job teaching at the University of Minnesota, Baxter moved his fictional production and his characters there.

Within the collection There’s Something I Want You To Do characters move around between stories, sometimes crossing paths with one another. In fact, since they all seem to wander around in parks down by the Mississippi River, they probably all, unbeknownst to them, cross paths. Baxter misses his chance to create the same mix of characters across different books. For example, “Chastity” features scenes set in a coffee shop. Here Benny encounters Dr. Elijah Jones, his friend, whom we recognize from other stories and who makes it a habit of hanging out at this particular spot. Baxter could have named the place “Jitters,” having moved it lock stock and barrel from Ann Arbor, along with its proprietor, Bradley W. Smith—who, let’s say, has vacated Ann Arbor (and The Feast of Love) after the failure of his third marriage, along with his friend, good ole Bradley the dog. Baxter chose, however, not to engage in this sort of interbreeding.

At any rate, here in “Chastity,” as in the later story “Lust,” the main character Benny’s troubles involve, largely, romantic love. In “Chastity” Benny comes upon a young woman who appears about to jump from the Washington Avenue Bridge on the Mississippi. Much given to joking, the woman, Sarah, tells him that she is out bungee jumping without a bungee cord. “Irony was the new form of chastity and was everywhere these days. You never knew whether people meant what they said or whether it was all a goof.” Aha. Had Baxter published this collection five years later he probably would have pointed out how irony—along with practically any expression of humor—is now under assault in the U.S.A., pilloried by the tight-assed purveyors of “woke.” As for chastity, well that went out of style ages ago.

Anyway. The story “Chastity” is about irony and a rather peculiar type of person whose life revolves around dabbling in irony. Benny, in a word, falls in love and marries this ironic young woman, a musician who moonlights in standup comedy performance. He marries her despite Elijah’s warning: “She’s going to get up onstage and tell everybody you have a small dick, and they’ll all laugh.” Sarah doesn’t do that. Instead, she gets up on stage—with Benny in the front row—and tells everybody that Benny has “a big friendly dick.” She also takes this occasion to announce to the world, and to Benny, that she is pregnant.

After they are married Sarah gives birth to a child, laughing and groaning her way through the birth. Then she dies in a traffic accident, one of two characters in the book who neglect to fasten seatbelts. Benny ends up with a new wife, Jane, an architect like himself. In the story “Lust” we meet him years previous to the events in “Chastity.” Here too he is in the throes of romantic agony, having just broken up with a girlfriend, Nan, and intent on recklessly gambling away all his money. At one point he returns nostalgically to a scene featuring himself and Nan eating breakfast after a night of love. He concludes that “Wilhelm Reich was correct: orgasms constituted the meaning of life.” Don’t know where Reich was quoted as saying that, but he is probably also the author of this truism: “Life can little else supply but a few good fucks, and then you die.”

Commiserating with Benny in this tale is a friend, Dennis, once a big hit with women, now dying of cancer. Their interactions form the basic structure of the story. Here we have a little touch of Eros-Thanatos. In The Feast of Love Baxter covered almost all incidences of romantic love, all possibilities. Here, in this short-story collection, we have a bit of repetition. One new departure is the treatment of Elijah’s love for his wife Susan, which, to his mind, seems ideal, but is, manifestly, far from that. For another look at a type of romantic love, see Baxter’s recent novel, The Sun Collective, which features, among other things, a relationship between a long-married elderly couple—based largely on mutual bickering.

Matty Quinn and Harry Albert

The fourth story in Part One, “Charity,” treats the theme of homosexual love. Matty Quinn, a young man who has worked in Ethiopia as a teacher and helper at a medical clinic, returns home to Minneapolis afflicted with some sort of virus infection: “the inflammation in his knees and his back and his shoulders was so bad that sometimes he could hardly stand up.”

The story is an oblique commentary of the travails of the U.S. medical system. Limited in funds and without medical insurance, Quinn is soon brought to his knees, both physically and financially. He becomes addicted to prescription painkillers, and ends up buying them illegally, from a man called Black Bird, who sits in a bar reading Shakespeare and advocates for the reading of books.

“Everybody should read something. Otherwise we all fall down into the pit of ignorance. Many are down there. Some people fall in forever. Their lives mean nothing. They should not exist.”

Needing money for drugs, Quinn is driven to desperation. “In the basement room where he slept [crashing temporarily with a friend], there was, leaning against the wall, a baseball bat, a Louisville Slugger, and one night after dark, in a dreamlike hallucinatory fever, he took it across the Hennepin Avenue Bridge to a park along the Mississippi, where he hid hotly shivering behind a tree until the right sort of prosperous person walked by.” The person is one we have already met in an earlier story, well-meaning and innocuous Benny Takemitsu. In fact, we get three different descriptions of the mugging: one from Benny’s point of view (in “Chastity”), one from Quinn’s (in “Charity”), and one from the point of view of the ghost of Alfred Hitchcock—as related to Dr. Elijah Jones—(in “Sloth”).

The most interesting character in “Charity” is Harry Albert, “a field rep for a medical supply company” and Quinn’s boyfriend, whom he calls “my soul mate, my future life.” They met while both were working in Ethiopia. Half of the story describes Harry’s coming to Minneapolis from Seattle, to rescue Quinn, who has now descended into desperate homelessness. In tune with the book’s practice of presenting companion stories in Part Two to the stories in Part One, the final story in the collection, “Vanity,” complements “Charity.” It describes how Harry, on a plane to Las Vegas, encounters “one of Schindler ’s Jews,” a survivor of the holocaust named, apparently, David Lowie. Who in this story is vain? Well, Harry, who revels in his homosexuality and appreciates his own good looks, certainly is. But then, Lowie, an ugly and gratuitously rude old man, is vain as well.

Among other things Harry learns about his seatmate on the plane is that Lowie, who claims to be open-minded, has little tolerance for queers. His experience with almost being gassed by the Nazis, in fact, has apparently not left him with much tolerance for anything or anyone. At the end of the story Harry, luxuriating in a hotel room with a gay prostitute, sends his new friend an email, describing how satisfied he is with his life. A week later he receives an unsigned reply, only three words: “Don’t kid yourself.”

Amelia and Forbearance

The final story in Part One, “Forbearance,” stands somewhat alone, in that it has no perfect counterpart story in Part Two. “Bravery” goes with “Sloth” and with “Gluttony.” “Loyalty” goes with “Avarice.” “Chastity” goes with “Lust.” “Charity” goes with “Vanity.” “Forbearance” goes with nothing, in that the translator Amelia does not show up again in a later story, except in a cameo appearance at the very end of the book.

Of all the human traits featured in the titles of stories in this collection, forbearance may be most out of date. That is, at least the word is. I had trouble even recalling what, exactly, it meant, had to look it up. Forbearance: (1) the act of refraining from something; abstinence; (2) tolerance and restraint in the face of provocation; patience; (3) LAW the act of a creditor who refrains from enforcing a debt when it falls due.”

As the story begins, the American translator Amelia—having rented a villa in Tuscany—struggles to translate a poem titled “Impossibility,” which is such an impossible piece of literature that “getting these lines into English was like trying to paint the sun blue.” The poem is written in “an obscure Botho-Ugaric dialect” by an obscure poet. Amelia is “one of the few Americans who had any command of this dialect.” Baxter has some fun playing around with made-up words in this made-up language, then describing the Italian villagers, but soon the plot shifts to Minneapolis, where a child, Amelia’s niece Catherine, is dying.

Back home to console her brother, Amelia meets at the hospital the pediatrician, Dr. Elijah Jones—the one character who links this story to others. Elijah is shown in his role as commiseration specialist and comforter: “The pediatrician, after a few pleasantries, took Amelia down the hall and told her that her brother needed as much comfort and solace as she could give him, and that it was a good thing she was there.”

The issue of suffering children comes up again, and Dostoevsky is invoked for the second time in the book—Ivan Karamazov’s words. We recall the angry aunt from a different story, vociferating in the hospital and looking for someone—the pediatrician, even God—to blame. Amelia, who “had always desperately loved pediatricians,” does not prove to be such an aunt. Jet-lagged and grieving after Catherine’s death, she has a confused dream in which she meets the poet she is trying to translate. He tells her to forget translating “Impossibility.” “‘There’s something I want you to do,’ he said. He pointed at a page, where a poem entitled ‘Forbearance’ appeared. ‘This is the poem you should be translating.’”

She awakens, immediately translates that poem, then reads it at Catherine’s funeral. The story concludes with a sort of joke. Attending a translator’s conference in Baltimore, Amelia tells of her miraculous dream to a famous old translator, who is astonished, not by her story but by the fact that this visitation in a dream—old-hat, apparently, to him—had never happened to her before.

Coda

Beginning lines: “The Stone Arch Bridge crosses the Mississippi River between Father Hennepin Bluffs Park on the east bank and Mill Ruins Park on the west in the heart of Minneapolis, Minnesota. This bridge, which once supported railroad traffic in and out of the city, has twenty-one stone arch spans. Wikipedia tells us that James J. Hill, the Empire Builder, had the bridge constructed in 1883, and in the early 1990s it was converted to a pedestrian and bicycle bridge.

“On warm days in late spring or summer, the bridge serves as a kind of promenade, or gallery, for pedestrians, and on such days you are likely to see both visitors and city dwellers walking across it with no particular destination in view. That obese man, for example . . .”

Baxter wraps up his collection by parading some of the main characters across the Stone Arch Bridge. The obese man, wearing rainbow suspenders and walking with his wife—who “might be a doctor, a pediatrician?”—is, of course, Dr. Elijah Jones. The woman mumbling to herself behind him—“you might imagine that she’s translating a poem in her head out of an Eastern European language into English”—is Amelia. Also identifiable amidst the strollers and bicycle riders are Benny Takemitsu and his wife, along with Harry Albert. Missing are several other main characters, such as Wesley, Corinne, Astrid and Dolores. You wonder what has happened to account for their absence. Have they have fallen out of favor with their creator Baxter, at the very moment that they are dissolving into fictional air, like all the other characters in the book as its final pages open and close.

In his last appearance the main character, Dr. Elijah Jones, somewhat resembles the ghost of Alfred Hitchcock, who appeared to him in “Sloth.” He is no longer a pediatrician; he is someone who “might be” a pediatrician. As he fades away little is left of his corporeal self except his rainbow suspenders. More substantial than the characters—who, like all of us, are trapped in ephemeral flesh—are the bridges and falls that receive such prominent mention throughout the collection. It is appropriate that in Charles Baxter’s latest novel, The Sun Collective—set once more in the Twin Cities—one of the main characters is a retired structural engineer, a builder of bridges.

 

                                               Minneapolis: Stone Arch Bridge at Night